music industry

12th September          Live Lounge 

LO- to research the radio industry 

commercial radio- Commercial radio is the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship. example-heart, pirate FM ,sky

public service radio-Public broadcasting involves radio, television and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service. example- radio 1 

Commercial radio- prior knowledge 

• music- pop, trendy, in the charts, older songs
• presenters- Amanda Holden, Jamie Theakston  
• advertisements- short snappy adverts, seasonal adverts 
• news, weather and traffic- general traffic around like truro, Falmouth, and Bodmin - train delays are told, and ferries delays.

Pirate FM notes

www- lots of music playing 

ebi- not enough adverts and audience arriving on the show 

10th September                          Case Study- RAYE

LO- to research the case study and artists involved. Annotate in detail the examples from the case study

 

Raye 

Background

She moved to Croydon where she studie at Woodcote High School before being accepted to attend the BRIT school for 2 years before dropping out. Raye was attending a wild party at 14 and sang her 'hotbox' song, Olly Alexander the lead singer of Years and Years would later hear the song and offer her a record deal, she is also a songwriter

Age

24 years

Where she is from 

She was born in London, Tooting,She then moved to Croydon

Genre 

R&B

Current songs/albums

she has 22 songs and 4 albums

Euphoric Sad Songs- her latest album

Hard Out Here- is her latest song 

Critical Reception

 

Awards 

Brit Award for Song of The Year

The Headies Award for Best R&B Single

HeartRadio Music Award

Brit Award for Best Dance act 

Self Esteem

Background 

Her father was a steelworker and her mum was a secretary

Age

35

Where is she from

Rotherham England 

Genre

Alternative rock, Grunge, Rock, Pop-punk 

31st October               BBC Radio and audiences 

lo- to explore the BBC Radio an audience behind the Live Lounge

All BBC television and radio stations have public service remit

Public service broadcasting refers to broadcasting for the publics benefit than to serve for commercial interests 

Ofcom is the regulator

Questions 
1. How many national radio stations do the bbc operate? What are they and how are they different in terms of content for the audience 

10 radio networks, the differences in the channel;s include information for the public about the world and about parliament, also there is programs for children 

2. Regional stations they operate 

8 regional stations 

3. How are they funded?

Funded by the United Kingdoms television licence free, limited advertising and the profits of BBC Studios 

4. Directed competition to PSB radio?

 Commercial radio 

5. 5 different commercial radio stations and target audience 

Heart- adolescence 

capital-adolescence 

kiss- younger ages 

magic- middle ages 

virgin radio- younger/middle ages

6. How can people listen to the BBC

digitally people can listen to BBC, also by a radio,internet

RADIO 1-

Audience is addressed towards the ages of 15-29, as they are targeting a younger audience the language the presenters use is more energetic and informal, having younger interviewees such as younger pop singers/rappers  

RADIO 2-

audience aimed towards 35+, the music playlist and age of presenters represent this- many ex Radio 1 presenters who were on that station.

RADIO 4-

average audience of 54+ and the tone of the station reflects this in content and also in public perception of being serious and using formal language, also using more classical music or older music due to the target audience 

Colour palettes used includes the themes of halloween due to the date, this attracts the audience as many younger people would have parties or go trick or treating. The bright vibrate colour palette includes interesting colours which influence the audience to use the app and to look at the singers being given a platform for their career

The way the BBC present their independant singers it shows how they are promoting them for others to listen too, this is done by the bright colours and appealing pictures of the singers. It is also done by having a little description of the singer which influences people to look them up and listen to their music   

They have also got a range of different ethnicities and a different genders on the promotion page, this shows how the BBC has used a diverse set of citizens for interviews/promoting singers, it is also promoting new music which again is aimed at 15-29 year olds which would appeal towards them

The website also have themes of relaxing due to the pressure the ages aimed at are going through, its a very calm setting and simple fonts due to the mindful setting to help younger people cope with stress in a healthy way. 

Young presenters 

14th November                     BBC Radio and audiences

lo- to explore the BBC Radio contextual issues and the audience behind the Live Lounge 

The remit of Radio 1 is to entertain and engage young listeners listeners with distinctive mix of contemporary music and speech. The audience target is 15-29 year olds and it should also provide some programming for younger teens

It should offer a new range of music, support for emerging artists- especially for those in the UK and provide a platform for live music, news documentaries and advice campaigns should cover area of relevance for younger adults 

This image appeals to the younger audience, this is due them promoting a new movie that will appeal to the younger audience as they would be more likely to go to the cinema with friends and to see a new marvel movie, we can tell this due to the image chosen to promote the new film which younger 

This picture shows how they are supporting a new artist as they are promoting him to others so he can pursue his dream career

This shows how they dedicate certain days to live music for people to listen to and for others to preform and find their recongnistion, and again by the colour palette used its very bright and is aimed towards the audience, this helps the emerging artist that are going live and it helps them get recongnistion 

This is relevant to the audience as it matters to many people out their who are struggling with exam prep and need something to calm themselves, we could also suggest that due to the colour palette used its very bright to see which again helps the audience as they know what to find due to the bright colour scheme 

Political context notes-

For funding

• Radio 1 helps the younger generation with things like exam stress, unlike other radios that dont bring up or help this issue many go through every year
• Radio 1 is more appealing to a younger generation as they have music which is made for younger people
• Radio 1 targets younger audience that commercial radio dont which makes it different than commercial
• The Live lounge helps gets artists the attention they need which is also informative and education which leads onto that it is also culturally diverse unlike other radios 

Against funding 

• Popular music isn't important
• Its not see as educational and informative 
• We already have commercial therefore we don't need anything else 

Media Convergence is a term that can refer top the merging of previously distinct media technologies and media forms due to digitisation and computer networking 

The advantages that public radio can be accessed in different places is that their target audience is broader, we can have access to more places to listen to it, it helps the BBC become more recognised towards people

Regulation- radio industry is regulated by Ofcom

Plurality- ensuring there is a diversity of viewpoints available and consumed across and within media enterprises and preventing any one media owner or voice having too much influence over public opinion and the political agenda 

28th November                  Live lounge appeal and format

lo- to explore the format of the show and its appeals

How does the BBC protect the under 18s ?

Uses trigger warnings when touchy subjects are going to be mentioned for a limited amount of time- suicide, assault. Telling parental listeners that language may be used such as swearing at festivals, and letting them know that a explicit song will be sang at a certain moment. This can be shown in the festival where the Black Eyed Peas are about to play it may include language within the song. Only playing explicit songs after 9pm as this is a time that younger ages such as 7 year olds aren't up and have already gone to bed. 

Benefits of broadcasting on 2 channels

• More people are going to listen to it 
• Smaller bands are more likely to receive more publicity 

Notes 

Ricky , Melvin and Charlie currently host the Live Lounge. Charlie Hedges hosted the breakfast show on Kiss for 10 years with Rickie Haywood-Williams and Melvin Odoom. In November it was announced that they were going to move to Radio 1. Charlie has preformed DJ sets at various clubs and festivals. The Kiss 100 breakfast show signed up Rickie and Melvin as their new hosts in 2007, then in 2009 Charlie co-hosted. The show won silver at the Sony Radio AcademyAwards, presented MTV Digs on MTV One and MTV Music Junkie together a live studio music show. Melvin presented MTV Ones coverage of the BRIT Awards 2010 alongside Haywood Williams and also presented coverage of the BAFTA awards. Appeals to the target audience as they do DJing which they all work well together, this created a sense of friendship and as there is different backgrounds, gender and ethnicity's which is what the BBC want to promote. Charlie has also preformed and promotes others as she is a performer herself

Live Lounge is a room in the BBC which is where most of the performances are held, artists are filmed in an intimate radio studio, acoustically, often with little production rehearsal. Normally preform 1 or 2 of their own songs and then unique cover from an A list Radio 1artist who has released in the last 6 months. But not only this but if the performers mess up their is no where to hide as they are in a same room with very little people with all eyes on them 

What are the audience appeals of  the Live Lounge? Why is it different to other radio shows?

Use and Uses & Gratifications 

Personal identity-Personal identity can be relating to the presenter which can be be shown in the similar ages and music genre

Information-Not only that but they can also present information about the artist being talked about which can include upcoming events and knowing their background and ethnicity.

Entertainment-Entertainment is the obvious one as they are able to watch and listen to something to keep them entertained for awhile 

Social interaction-People can share their favourite episodes and can tell others about what they have listened to which would include social interaction

The Live Lounge appeals to the audience and fits to the uses and gratification theory as it includes person identity, information, entertainment and social interaction. Personal identity is shown in the presenters as they are able to offer their intake in music and relate to the audience as they are a certain age who would understand the audience. Information is seen in the Live Lounge guests as we learn about their background and we can know about their upcoming events and see what kinds of concerts they have to offer. In entertainment it is shown that the audience are able to access this anywhere which will mean that someone can always be entertained by the Live Lounge. Lastly it is shown as they are able to include social interaction as the audience is able to share these episodes to their friends and verbally talk about the Live Lounge and can suggest other episodes to watch to each other which would be appealing towards the BBC as it widens their target audience 

12 December 

The Live Lounge appeal to the target audience as it plays young singers and popular singers. It also uses slang words which is going to appeal to a younger audience as not many people above their target audience would like this, but as its not aimed at them it doesn't matter. It can also attract a bigger audience as they play their show on 2 apps so it attracts more people and allows a wider target audience as many more would be able to listen to their show 

9th January                          Appeal and Format

lo- to explore the format of an exam question and how to respond

BBC R1 Remit- 

There aim is to entertain 15-29 year olds and to support and educate a younger generation, its also there for entertainment purposes and should be helping new and young artists around the UK. This is to help benefit the new music in the Live Lounge to help entertain and educate younger listener which is what the Live Lounge is aimed at

is the PIES personal identity, information, entertainment, social interaction. It is also to support the certain age group which is 15-29. Should support young and new artists and should be from the UK

Exam question:

How does the Live Lounge appeal to the target audience and meet the BBC remit?

• What could you include- who the audience is, entertaining and educating your audience, what the audience would like to hear and what appeals to them, how the live lounge meets the BBC remit 
• Who are the audience- 15-29 ( a younger audience )
• How is the audience appealed to- using slang language, including mental health episodes, having new young artists on the show 
• What is the remit- to entertain and engage a broad range of young listeners with a distinctive mix of contemporary music and speech
• How is the remit met- because they have young artists on the show, they have young presenters and guest on the show
• What evidence from the show could you use to support your answer- having young performers, new music which is made towards teenagers, having live music that is playing which are from the UK

1. Address the question
2. An example from the case study
3. Explain how this example targets the audience (8 points to aim for) 
4. Link back to question 

The Live Lounge appeals to the target audience through the presenters and artists. This is seen through their age, as they are young presenters to help entertain an audience of 15-29 year olds. By doing this they are allowing more young listeners to listen to their show to keep the audience well entertained and educated through different episodes and conversations. Not only that but by using slang words and talking about social media its going to scare away an older audience as it reflects a younger age group, we can see this through Charlie Hedges one of the presenters as she likes to speak with slang words. This will help promote the Live Lounge towards the certain age group as they are able to relate to the presenters due to their conversations and certain words used that relate to a young audience 

Artists are also a big contributing factor as they help fit the remit and are from the UK they are young and they play new music specifically aimed at younger people, and example of this would the singer self esteem as they are young and from the UK and self esteem also use the words like 'I've seen your socials' this is bound to grasp a younger audience as it shows how social media has had a big influence in younger peoples lives. By having these new artists it entertains the audience as it would be something they would want to listen to, and it helps grasps a listener as the music is live. We also hear a little form the singer as she explains the opportunities she missed out on as a newly emerging artist, but top be able to go onto the Live Lounge and sing her new song Wizardry which would help promote her as an artist. therefore this fits the remit through live music, new artists and the presenters 

23rd January

lo- to understand exam style questions and practice exam techniques

Exam question

How does the Live Lounge appeal to the target audience and meet the BBC remit? 

The live lounge fits the BBC remit through the artists featured in the radio, this is because they get newly emerging artist that are in the UK to preform live on the radio. This is would appeal to the remit as they would be amused and want to listen to new and trending music rather than music that is considered boring for the specific audience. An example of this is seen as self esteem as she went on the air and sang an original and a cover of Becky Hills song. The live lounge appeals the audience through the presenters, this is because the presenters are young and use slang language. This would appeal to the audience as they wouldn’t want to listen to an old presenter so by using new presenters that like trending music it is bound to be liked by the certain audience.

6th February 

lo- to practice exam techniques and develop knowledge of radio content

The Exam 

The music section of Paper 2 has 5 questions 

Questions 1, 2 & 3 could be on Radio 

Question 1 

Media Conglomerate 

Vertical Integration

Licence Fee 

Question 2

Radio 1 meets their target audience through music as it is new pop and newly emerging singers that have a big profile on social media, this is shown in  The Live Lounge as they invite Stormzy as he is very popular and is targeted to an audience of 15-29. Radio also targets it audience through the language used as they use slang to talk to each other which would benefit the audience as many younger people use the same words meaning they would find the radio interesting to listen to as they would understand them

The music radio stations meet the PSB as they inform and entertain the public using the radio, this is shown in The Live Lounge as the live music creates excitement and entertains the listener. It also educates a they include a broad range of singers onto their platform to sing and help other small artist create a name for themselves 

Radio audiences can be active as they are allowed to message in this then adds in social interaction as the audience are allowed to text and phone call in to include them in the radio. Audiences can be passive as they are listening to the music and being entertained by the radio and not competing in competitions and what not 

Question 3 

The BBC radio provide a wider range of content then commercial radio as they involve newly emerging singers onto their radio and allow them to sing live, by doing this they are promoting smaller singers and are including genre of music majority of the audience like. They provide this because they have got to provide more music to meet the target audience otherwise they wont make any money and no one could listen to their radio. As it offers a wider range of music it helps broaden their audience as more people are likely to find a genre that is right for them, they do this in live music playing which helps promote the singer as they are being recognised by others and being heard with their own music. We see this in self esteem as she sang a cover and a original which helped promote her carer and music as more people have now heard of her which helps the target audience feel more engaged int he singer, due to their questions throughout the singing. By the BBC doing all of these more are likely to listen which helps promote the smaller artist and make money to pay the artist and themselves because if no one listened their would be no radio for younger people to access and hear new music and information.

27th February                                   DIRT

LO- to reflect on areas to improve in assessment 

Question 1:

A word that describes a large company which owns set of companies and produced different media forms

Media Conglomerate- WB (Warner Brothers)

Question 1:

Baur Media owns radio stations as well as magazines, whats the word that describes adding other areas of business in this way

Diversification 

Question 1:

One source of funding for BBC Radio 1

TV License 

Question 2:

Explain one way that radio stations target their audience, use the Radio Live Lounge as an example in your answer

The Live Lounge invites well known and popular guests onto the studio, this would appeal to the target audience as they would invite singers such as Stormzy who preformed and did an interview. This would appeal to the audience as younger people would like rap and pop music from new artists which helps promote the Live Lounge as more people would listen meaning the audience would grow wider. As they use casual language towards the guest it would also appeal to the target audience as it speaks in slang which helps more people to listen to the Live Lounge 

Target for Question 3:

Make points about how the BBC Radio provide wider content on their radio stations, give examples on Radio 1 and why they have to do this link to the Remit 

Explain how and why BBC Radio has to provcide a wider range of content than commercial radio. Refer to the 'BBC Radio 1 Live Lounge' in your answer 

• BBC Radio provides a wider range of content than commercial radio for serval reasons 
• Firstly Radio 1 provides live music that is going to be interest a younger audience therefore meeting the target audience and playing popular music and guest stars.
• This example is due to the remit and in particular they have got to provide a platform for live music and have got to find a band and studio to make sure the guest can playa and sing. In doing so this meets the remit as they are able to provide entertainment for the target audience and meeting the remit as they are playing new music which is popular.
• We can identify this in the Live Lounge through guest coming in and playing we can link this to Stormzy as he came in and played live which would have cost money as they got a band another studio to rent and to pay Stormzy to actually preform live. But by doing so the new music that Stormzy is playing meets the remit and helps reach a target audience and just others in general as they are playing new and popular music.

Music Industry

26th January 

lo- to explore this section of the unit and research chosen case studies

Things you would see in a music video:

- Singing

-Movement

-Props

-Lightning

-Dancers

-Backup singers/dancers

-Different shot types 

-Different locations 

-lipsync

-Narrative that fits the lyrics

-Playing an instrument 

Music Video Research 

Case Studies

Avril Lavigne- Sk8er Boi (2002)

Genre- 

Pop-Punk, Rock, Pop

Release date in the UK-

16th December 2002

Whats the song about-

Tells a story from the singers viewpoint about her rocker boyfriend and a girl he knew in high school who rejected him because he was a skater boy and she was a snob, but he is now famous for being a rockstar and she is a single mum with little money 

What happens in the video-

Features a illegal concert on a city street with Lavigne singing on the hood of a car with her band ,with a crowd rocking out around her 

Who features in the video- 

Avril Lavigne

https://genius.com/Avril-lavigne-sk8er-boi-lyrics

Wheatus- Teenage Dirtbag ( 2000)

Genre- 

Pop-Rock

Release date in the UK-

February 5th 2001

Whats the song about- 

Its about a childhood experience that guitarist and vocalist Brendan B Brown had, it came from how he was always isolated and was seen as an outsider all of his life. But is ultimately about how a guy has a crush on a girl but she doesn't  even notice him when he walks in the halls, until the ned where she asks him out

What happens in the video-

A boy is walking around school trying to make his crush notice him but by the end she notices him at prom and asks him out on date, through out the video we switch back to the band singing and playing instruments. But he then wakes up and releases it all a dream

Who features in the video-

Brendan B Brown 

https://genius.com/Wheatus-teenage-dirtbag-lyrics

Record Labels use music videos to:

• To convey the meaning of the song
• To promote the artists image,identity,talent or status for an audience
• To showcase or promote the artist musical prowess for a specific audience 

Each video- 

Dirtbag is seen in the video because its about a lonely boy who is bullied at school and has no friends until he develops a crush on  a girl. This is significant tot he music video as he is an outcast at school. Helps promote the image of the singer also having elements of cross promote as the film helped promote the song and visa versa 

Sk8er Boi is seen through the video as he falls for a gothic girl just like Avril in her music video, so we can see the connections in the music video as she is dressed in the same clothing in her video. She is also seen as the distant girl with a very dark and black clothing items, by doing the trailer it promotes the artist image and how she is seen by others

Set music videos are a mix of styles

Wheatus- narrative and performance 

Avril Lavigne- performance plus some narrative 

Narrative music videos mights narrate the song or create a parallel narrative that comments on the meaning of the song 

Narrative of Wheatus- syncing, video tells a story, usually edited like a movie, 

Narrative of Avril Lavigne- Lip-syncing, main focus on artist, performs to camera

Performance music videos 

lip-syncing

live performance

main focus on the artist or band

performs to camera

Conventions of narrative music videos

video tells a story

usually edited like a movie 

story often matches lyrics

doesn't always feature artists

2th February       

lo- to examine the use of media language in music videos 

Mise-en-scene

• setting
• costume
• props
• lighting
• hair & make-up
• colour
• performance (positioning, facial expressions, body language)

Beyonce- They have used a costume that has got camouflage on it to represent bravery in a relationship, as many of us connote camouflage to army soldiers. To be in the army you have got to be brave which is seen in the explanation as the song is about surviving a  break up. We also see this in the kind of accessories used int he video as gold can represent power which is what you would want to have after a break-up.

Bruno Mars-  We can see how they have used the cloths that are modern and funky which we would be able to distinguish that its modern, the hotel it is set in looks very fancy and expensive due to the colour gold on the walls and ceilings. This connotes to money and wealth, we also see this in what they are wearing as they have lots of bling silk clothing. The ideas of luxury and wealth suggest a more of a hip-hop song. We can also tell what he main artist is as he stands out as he is in the front and middle and is wearing a different colour, which shows how his status is very high. We can also see how the video has used anti stereotypes as you wouldn't expect hispanic and african american people to have such wealth.

Taylor Swift- In the video it shows how Taylor has a very powerful status this is seen in her sharp red nails as we connotate red with danger and power which can suggest the kind of artist she is. Her wealth is seen in all the things listed

• Jewellery 
• Money
• Diamonds 
• Perls
• Necklaces
• Marble floor- fancy
• Golden taps   

In this image we see how costume and make-up is used to represent a genre for the music we can see this as she is wearing very rock and pop clothing such as a loose tie and having bracelets with studs on them. This would connote to a punk rock theme as many would associate these 2 things together.  This shows the status of the singer as the same as a person and shows how she is being portrayed through the video as a skater person unlike other singers who promote their status and wealth. We can also see through her makeup from under her eyes as we can reinforce the punk and rock element to the video shown in the black eye liner. 

The way she is positioned suggest thats she is the main character and is the main focus which shows how she is in the front of others which links. The lighting also connects the punk and rock theme as she is in a dark setting which could link to rock as they are seen as dark and black rock videos which is exactly how Arrival has done her video

In this picture we can see how this setting is in a city which can tell us its an urban city. We can see how this would connote to more of a pop music video as. The way she is on top of a car suggests that she is a rebel as she is throwing an illegal concert on the street, this again suggests that she is a rebel and it links to the song as she is a skater boy which connotes to punk and rock 

In this picture we see the singer of the band, this shows how the costume used by the band is bright and colourful which can connote to a pop song as the colours are bright and vibrant. This shows how the costume used is targeted at teenagers as the clothing used is often worn by teenagers. Which can agin suggest that the song is a pop genre as many younger audience prefer pop

The setting used can suggest that the audience members that will listen to this music is younger people mainly teenagers as they are filming in a school. As we see the background there are mainly teenagers which show how the music used could be pop as many teenagers like this genre as it is mainly aimed for them 

In this picture we see how the colour used by the band is very bright and vibrant which would connote to the genre of pop as its very loud and vibrant. By doing this it shows how agin the setting of the school is used agin which has been made to look like a school to show the  audience who its aimed at. 

9th February                                              Mise-en-scene

lo- to examine the use of media language in music videos

Do Now: 3 elements that pink used mise-en-scene

costume and hair make-up- very upbeat which connotes happiness which can show how the genre is used for pop and happiness, PNK was wearing pink as this can help her status and looking confident 

props- in a supermarket but all of the props used are all very vibrant to connote a bright song that is very happy 

performance- lots of dancing which connotes to an pop song as its very upbeat and vibrant

This picture reflects the music Avril was going for as we see through the costume hair and make-up. This is how in the black eyeliner and unfeminine cloths she is wearing. We also see how the tone is reflected of this picture too, as she is wearing a studded bracelet which is connotated with punk and rock this shows how Avrils theme of punk and genre shows how she wanted this kind of recognition in the video as it helps promote the genre of her music. They promote Avrils status as she is the star of the video and is shown in single shots which we can suggest thats he is the main star of the music video

in this photo is shows how the genre of the music video is seen as punk this can be seen through the mood of video as she is on top of a car and that connotes to rebellious notions, also promotes her status as she is the main character in the picture 

Avril Lavigne and her friends are dressed like punks. This is achieved using make up, bracelets and backwards cap. This could suggest to the audience that the genre is punk rock. As when we see studded bracelets our mind connote to punk and rock music as they are usually seen when people are wearing them. We also see through the backwards cap skaters as many people would suggest that they are skaters as that is what many people associate a cap with. They have used this in the video to suggest that the genre is punk rock. Finally we see this through make-up because the black eyeliner suggest gothic and punk which helps show people the kind of music Avril makes and pulls her away from a stereotypical woman pop star

In Avril Lavigne's music video, its set in an urban city. We know this through the shots where Avril is on top of the car and when she is in an underground garage. In my opinion the video is set here because when she is on top of the car it reinforces her rebellious side and the kind of punk music she makes. Also shows how she is a rebellious character as she is having an illegal concert in a city. This is also reinforced when we see her in a dark lighted garage which can connote to punk and rock due to a dark setting, suggesting that the genre is punk rock. 

In this picture we see the singer of the band, this shows how the costume used by the band is bright and colourful which can connote to a pop song as the colours are bright and vibrant. We see this as the costume is an orange t shirt and blue bucket hat, the t shirt can also suggest that the music is laid back. This tells us that he is that main person in band as he is the singer as he is very bright and vibrant compared to his band mates. Telling us that the singer likes to be bright and can suggest the song is going to have a happy feel about it. There dressed like this at this point to show an audience that they are the main character and are the lead singer 

Exam Style Question- How and why do the 2 music videos you have studied use setting and costume effectively? 4m

The music video for Avril Lavigne's Sk8er Boi and Wheatus' Teenage Dirtbag use setting and costume to use similar effects. For example Avril uses her punk rock costume to achieve their genre and present them are cool and skaters, she also uses a setting of a city to show how the video is rock and rebellious and it shows how its aimed at teenagers due to the punk and rebellious aspect Avril has added. And in Wheatus' the actor is geeky which relates to the plot and lyrics of the song as he feels hes too nerdy to get the girl, and wth their setting the use a school to address the target audience as many teenagers would listen to this as it would appeal to them. These are used effectively because they both use their setting and costume to tell them about their identity, and also use their setting to show what kind of audience the music is aimed at. 

23rd February   

LO- to explore how camerawork is used to create meaning in music videos

Connotations of the setting- deserted,desert, alone,hot, isolated, free

Singing about- a break-up as she is in the middle of nowhere with no one else 

Camera shot- Long shot or wide shot can reinforce the thoughts of a break-up as we cans see there is nothing and no one around her, we could also say that its a song about being alone and friendless as again she is in a deserted place. We could also suggest from her outfit thats he is singing about a pop song as they are set in hot and warm setting like the desert from a skirt and short shirt when conotes' heat

S- shot type

A- angle
M- movement

Dutch- Tilted angle 

Pan- horizontal movement 

Tilt- movement up and down

Tracking- following someone/movement

Focus-Pull- when focus is pulled form one thing to another without the shot changing 

Cinematography Styles

Naturalistic- Most common style of camera work. Shots are either fixed or handheld (for realism) or have subtle slower movements (Teenage Dirt Bag, If I Were A Boy)

Expressionistic- More uncommon and artistic/creative use of camera shots and movement. Often shows extreme angles or quick movement (Ska8er Bio, UpTown Funk)

2) 

POV- point of view

Used because it show s how Aril is the main focus in her band and her music

Used here because it helps show how the song is about 2 people getting together and to show of to the snob that rejected him, also reinforces her high status in the song and how people should focus on her, also how her skater boy loves her 

3)

Wide shot

Used because to show how the character is a loner at school as he is completely deserted in a high school making it obvious that he has no friends 

Used here because it relates to song of how he's a loser and how people in high school are dirtbags 

4)

High angle, Long Shot

Used because it helps show how Avril in the main focus as she is the only one on the car and how she is the main star 

Used here because it helps let people know that her boyfriend is now a famous singer showing the person that rejected him as a snob as now he's famous. As Avril is the one on top of the car singing to everyone about it

5)

Low Angle, Mid Shot

Used because it shows how they are the bullies, and helps an audience see that they are looking powerful and dominate due to a low shot which can conote to a bully 

Used here as it helps let an audience know that they are the bullies in the video which can conote that there are the people that the loner gets bullied from 

6)

Dutch Angle, Extreme Close up

Used because it helps let us know that she is the main character in the song as she has the microphone and is of a high status as again she is the only one in the shot 

Used here to show how she is the main star in her band, also shows how the music is different than other videos

Sk8er Boi

• Energetic
• Creative
• Dizzy
• Shaky
• Rapid

Teenage Dirtbag

• Modern
• Slow
• Steady
• Basic
• Cinematic
• Smooth

 The camera movement in Sk8er Bio is expressionisistic. For example we see this when Avril is on top of the car. The high angled long shot camerawork fits the tone of the song because it makes us see how Avril is the main star and is the one who is singing and should be the centre 

9th March 

lo- to explore how sound and editing are used to create meaning in music videos

Diegetic- sound in film, television programme etc occurring within the context of the story and able to be heard by the characters 

Non-diegetic- the films characters cannot hear the sound in the film 

What does editing include?

• Order of shots/shot choices
• Continuity
• Transitions
• Shot duration
• Pace and rhythm
• Special effects

Linear- 

Events are edited/presented in chronological order

(beginning-middle-end)

More tradition/cinematic

Non-Linear-

Out of order editing

No clear distinction of time

Events are cut up and rearranged 

(Beginning-middle-end is unclear)

More abstract/expressionistic 

The pace of editing (amount of cuts we see) has a huge impact on how an audience react to a media text

More cuts = quicker pace = build up of excitement, tension, adrenaline for the audience

Explain one way in which music videos use media language to differ from each other 4m

Refer to one example of contrasting media language in two music videos you have studied to support your answer 

• What elements could we mention?
• Why would a music video use media language differently?
• What examples could you use from each video?
• What do you HAVE to do for full marks?

Different music videos use a quicker pace and by doing so it increases the excitement for the audience. We can see this in Sk8er Boi as the pace is very quick which makes sure that an audience always has somewhere to look and is going to be more interested in the video. But we also see a linear music videos and ghis gives the music a more structured approach. We can see this in Teenage Dirtbag as it is filmed like a movie which can be appealing to other audiences as they are almost watching a movie unfold while listening to the music.

23rd March                                    Representation

lo- To explore how representations are constructed in music videos 

Things in representation:

• Stereotypes
• Countersterotype (challenging stereotypes)
• Masculine/Feminine 
• Powerful, dominant, weak etc
• Objectified/Objectification
• Underrepresentation 

Traditional stereotypes

Men

Physically strong

Strong

Straight 

Smart

Unemotional

Women

Feminine 

wearing girly items and colours like pink and purple

Seen as a trophy

Dumb

Weak 

Pretty

Emotional

Objectification- The action of degrading someone to the status of a mere object

Sexual objectification- when a male/female views another male/female primarily as an object of sexual desire rather than a person 

Physical appearance/attractiveness is focused on 

Representation video (notes)- Sk8er Boi 

Challenging stereotypes as Avril is in skate culture cloths and seem as quirky in baggy cloths

A male who is a rockstar and a female who does ballet 

Avril challenges stereotypes as she is very cold and energetic and mean, very active as she is not worried about getting muddy or in trouble, very rebellious 

sexual objectification as Avril is wearing a tie can show that she's wearing a uniform 

Avril represents teenagers as she is in a car without a seatbelt on, illegal party vibe 

The crowd around Avril can signify popularity which we cant see stereotyping as not many 'gothic' girls arnt popular

Avril can be seen as dominate and as she's dangerous as the police come and take her, agression and violent as she smash's a car window which can be challenging the stereotypes as she is acting as a male would traditionally act 

It represents her as a rebel and not as a celebrity and popular singer star

Narrative of a boy and girl falling in love reinforces the stereotypes of a straight sexuality 

How have the following been represented:

Avril- rebellious and agressive (smashing a care window), wearing baggy cloths, on top of cars being rebellious, she is musically skilful (playing a guitar on the car), she's popular

Punk rock genre- very energetic video and active, skater style,anti-establishment (going against the rules police)

Teenagers- loud music and bikes and running around in a urban setting which would appeal to a teenage audience, breaking rules, big groups 

Urban setting- appeals to a teenage audience as teenagers are attracted tot he big city and want to watch listen to something youthful and interesting for them 

Gender- challenging stereotypes by wearing baggy cloths and running around not being like a popular celebrity it shows how she is just another person she sees herself as just a person. But the girls on the start are in ballet and are wearing pink, but males are sterotypical as they are seen as strong and energetic as they run around (extreme sports)

Ethnicity- including mostly white cast links to punk rock genre as artists have been mostly white 

Sexuality- a straight relationship between the male and female which is sterotypical, presented as normal

Representation notes- Teenage Dirtbag

The Band- being in a hall establishes them as the main people, wearing casual clothing was the style for pop punk bands at the time, cutting between the band makes the the main character, the band is seen as silly and immature, big crowds makes them seem popular, cutting to make it seem interesting and popular

The male and female protagonist- he doesn't move with the crowds and doesn't feel part of the popular crowd,  she's a fantasy women for men (being sexualised), his bikes destroyed makes it clear hes the loser, he doesn't confront the girl which shows he lack confident, making the loser sign which makes him seem as the underdog

Ethnicity- excluding people from ethnic backgrounds mainly white cast 

High school- focuses on the teenage appeal, he wants to fit in with the popular gang, he doesn't move with the crowds and doesn't feel part of the popular crowd which many teenagers can relate to being an outsider  

Teenage stereotypes- his bikes destroyed makes it clear he's the loser, he doesn't confront the girl which shows he lack confident, making the loser sign which makes him seem as the underdog, low angled shot makes the jocks seen as popular and surrounded but friends and girl (patting on the back, parting the crowd for them)

Gender- she is the love interest as she is the main slow-mo, popular boys are bulling losers and are popular jocks, she's a fantasy women for men (being sexualised) 

Sexuality- the main interest is a straight couple and is mainly to get 'the' girl

30th March             

lo- to explain the construction of representation in music videos 

Sk8er Boi  Teenage Dirt bag

Love is represented as straight and how the guy gets the girl and the whole song is about how great the boy is 

Love is represented in a straight relationship again when the guy gets the girl as she is first dating the popular jock which stereo types it as the popular guy always gets the pretty girl

Teenagers are presented as punks and as rebels that don't follow society, which is being presented as a good thing and that you should be happy to be creative and rebellious 

Teenagers are represented as stereo types as you have the popular jocks that get the girl and then you get the geeks that are the losers 

Women are represented as powerful and strong also independent as she was running around and people where following her not a boy, the person videoing was also making her the centre of attention 

Women are seen as an object and a prize at the end of your quest, she is represented as a trophy to carry around 

Ethnicity in both is represented as white only no race other than white is shown in the videos 

Avril is represented as powerful and rebellious as she is seen as the leader that people should follow which is seen as powerful and someone to follow and the main character of her video 

Wheatus is seen as a teenager like they want to be on the same level as their audience, they also are wearing colourful clothing as they want to fit in with their audience unlike Avril who is seen as the main character 

Stereotypes are put in urban settings to be easily recognisable but subvert them as they have a powerful women for the main character, and being in a strong skating community 

In teenage dirtbag its a status driven society as they want the jocks the pretty girls and the geek that don't fit in

20th April                       Exam Format

lo- to explore and practice exam style questions     

You could be given a 4 mark or a 10 mark question-

4 mark question

Compare how gender representations are constructed in music videos

Refer to two music videos you have studied to support your answer 4m

• What representations could we mention?
• How are those representations constructed (media language)?
• What specific examples could you use from each video?

Point x2

Evidence 

Explain

The music video for teenage dirtbag follows the stereo types of women, whereas Sk8er Boi subverts female stereotypes

For example in Teenage Dirtbag through mise-en-scene the clothing the girl wears is very feminine and bright such as colours like pink and purple which many people relate this colour to females which then follows stereo types. We also see that she is meant to be a prize for the geek at the end as in the framing she is next to a popular jock and is supposed to be seen much like a trophy/object.  This presents females as an object to just be looked and admired by men reinforcing stereo types

Whereas in Sk8er Boi Avril wears baggy clothing and dark dull colours which subverts these feminine stereo types such as bright colours as we see in teenage dirtbag. This then reinforces Avril's social group which is skaters as we see again in costume and make-up as its very dark and at the time was very gothic which we would relate to skaters, challenging stereo types.

Through Teenage Dirtbag and Sk8er Boi we now see how stereo types for females are subverted and reinforced through the music videos 

Explain how stereotypes are used in music videos.

Refer to two music videos you have studied to support your answer 10m

• What do we know that we can use to help us answer this?
• 3 or 4 points- 2 points for each music video
• Why are stereotypes used in music videos 
• What stereotypes or counter stereotypes could we mention
• How are those representations constructed (media language)

Music video producers used stereotypes because they are very easy for an audience to recognise and therefore, identity characters. 

In Sk8er Boi they use the teenage rebel stereotype. We see teenagers doing lots of rebellious things like graffitiing walls, abseiling down the side of buildings and setting up an illegal street concert. This shows a lack of respect for rules/laws and fits the rebel stereotype often associated with teenagers.

In Sk8er Boi they also subvert stereotypes by making Avril go against female stereotypes. We see this through mise-en-scene in her costume and make-up, in her baggy clothing and dark make-up which isn't often associated with the female gender. We also see her as powerful as she starts the concert which would again be subverting stereotypes as power is often associated to males. 

However in Teenage Dirtbag, we see how female stereotypes have been reinforced throughout the music video, through the use of mise-en-scene. As the main girl in the video is wearing make-up and bright clothing such as pink colours, which we would often associate the colour pink towards females. Also by presenting the female as an object throughout the video as she is seen with he jock of the video much like a trophy. Making female stereotypes are reinforced.

We also see stereotypes subverted  in Teenage Dirtbag through the other main character the geek. We see through mise-en-scene that the clothing he is wearing is unfashionable and dull, we also see him alone which can suggest that male stereotypes are being subverted. As he is seen as powerless which we would often associate towards the male gender. We also don't see males are very smart rather athletic unlike the geek, making the stereotypes subverted through he geek.

14th November       

lo- to research the case study annotate in detail the examples from the case study                                  

do now:

1. Who owns radio 1- BBC
2. Who funds the BBC- tv licences from the public
3. Who regulates radio- OfCom
4. What is PSB radio- public service broadcasting 
5. What are the two types of radio- commercial and public 

PSB- benefit public, no money profit

Commercial- profit from ads, make money for the company

24th October 2023- Olivia Dean

Songs original and cover 

• Cuff it- Beyonce (confident and talented as she's covering Beyonce, attracting a wider audience)
• Dive original song- Olivia Dean

Guest info

• 24 years old 
• Olivia Dean
• Loves singing 
• Fans- respected
• First time on the Live Lounge by herself worked with Rudimental before
• Well liked by listeners
• Talented
• Loves Beyonce 

Quotes

• "OHMYGOSH"
• "You're a joke"- making a Beyonce song look easy
• All show informality and friendliness to make the station look relaxed with the guests
• "Looking good man"- informal 
• "Collab"- slang
• "Big up the band"

How it informs, educates and entertains 

• Giving live music on the radio- educational
• Shows people a different genre of music they may not have heard
• Reading comments that have been sent in from listeners- informs opinions by the public 
• Live band- entertaining

Appeals to target audience

• Using slang
• Using shout outs 
• Singing a new song from Beyonce 
• Very relaxed and informal
• Younger presenters

Innovative and cutting edge new music

• Well liked by listeners for her new song seen in the shoutouts
• Supporting UK artist in between original and cover- new music and new release supporting newly emerging UK artists

Who does it appeal to?

The music appeals to the audience

How does it appeal?

They use young presenters to get an younger audience listening, they also invite newly emerging British singers that are young agin appealing to a young audience. They also use informal language to attract a younger audience making the radio sound more fun and appealing to the audience

What kind of audience is targeted here ?

15-29 year olds

How else does Radio 1 appeal to the audience?

By playing new music that has been released and pop music which is a genre most young people listen to keeping their audience entertained 

How is commercial radio differ?

It isn't targeted at just one audience they have got ads due to getting more profit

Audience for commercial radio

Everyone (mask audience)

How does commercial radio appeal to the audience

Playing a range of music genres, using callers to win prizes such as money

 28th November                              Music video

Media Language

Camera- hand held camera, low angle, high angle, canted angle and arial shots

Editing- juxtaposition, fast pace editing

Sound track- music, diegetic non diegetic

Mise en scene- location, props

establishing shot- shows you where you are (setting)

continuity editing- telling a story

Camera shots

SB

• establishing shot 
• shows that they are in a high school

TD

• low angle
• shows her like an important figure

Editing

SB

• fast pace 
• non continuity

TD

• cuts continuity

23rd January                                          Mock DIRT

lo- to review and reflect on the PPE and to make a target to achieve 

Do Now:

1) type of media and the UK's regulator

film- BBFC

TV & Radio- OfCom

Advertising- ASA

Magazines & Newspaper- IPSO

Video Games- VSC

Section A: Music 

Question 1- 1/1

Multiple answers

Question 2- 4/4

Stating an answer but further explaining it while linking it to the example in this case The Live Lounge

Question 3 -6/10

Teenage Dirtbag

Theme of outcasts in high school, alienation, exclusion, heartbreak

Issue of teenage love/relationships

Exclusion shown when he's eating alone and has got no friends

School life showing that he's being bullied (pushed over, food being thrown at him)

Heartbreak shown in the corridor scene when she's waving but not at him

Sk8ter Boi

The main theme of rebellious

Rebellious seen as that it's seen as positive and negative- need to explain how through examples  

Question 4- 3/5

Social Group- a group of people (old, young, male, female, poor, rich, ethnic background, cultures)

Representations aren't colour palette or typography (these are media language) they ARE age, gender, ethnicity

Differences of representations 

Old VS Young

Female VS Male 

Question 5- 11/15 (8+3)

If it says how far you agree- you MUST have an introduction and conclusion

Introduction

Extracts 1 and 2 are used differently/similarly to show different/similar messages and values

Media Language- Lexis, Fonts, Colour scheme, Typography, Images

What's different about it- Talk about why is different in MOJO and GRAMOPHONE 

Layout

Masthead

Main Image

Colour Palette

Question 6- 5/10

Section B- Promoting Media

Question 7- 1/1

Question 8- 4/4

Some awards only allow you to win them if the film was released into cinemas first

Official reviews from movie reviewers

Question 9- 5/10

HAVE to talk about the video game 

Widens target audience 

Video game 10+, Movie U, attracted more people as the audience was able to be older than the movie 

Video game extends the enjoyment of the film and awareness of the film, variety of characters and an in sight into those characters giving the audience more information about the characters giving them more of an interest 

Bigger profit for WB

Question 10- 7/10

Convention- what is expected (UK schools have a uniform)

Conventions of trailers

- Introduction to characters

- Main plot 

- Best bits of the movie (excitement)

- Dramatic music, dialog between characters, narrator

- Inter titles (release date)

Conventions of action films

- Explosions 

- Car chases 

EXAMPLES FROM THE TRAILER 

                         

14th May

Do Now:

1. radio, music videos, music magazines

2. live lounge- RAYE, teenage dirtbag, skater boy, mojo magazines

Music section has 5 questions 

1= knowledge question on music industry

2= 4 marks of knowledge and understanding on radio or music video

3= 10 mark knowledge and understanding on radio or music videos 

4= 5 mark on analyse on music video or magazine usually on representation or media language 

5= 15 mark on analysis and comparison for magazines 

Question 1

Who regulates radio- Ofcom

Who own radio 1- BBC

What is PSB- benefits the public

Music Video Notes 

Skater Boy

• cold lighting- overly saturated
• spray cans associate with rebellion, teenage graphti
• set in a city location youth is being represented- stereotypes 
• hand held camera
• running around causing nuisance
• costume is very gothic and rock 
• wearing dark make up not very feminine and is hanging out with boys subverting stereotypes
• fast past editing making it more exciting
• hand held makes it b,ore rebellious and youth protest 
• illegal concert in the middle of the street reinforcing that youth is rebellious and is chaotic
• low angles p[positioning her as the one in power and well respected amongst the people
• teenage behaviour and criminalisation of teenage behaviour 

Teenage Dirtbag

• setting of school
• casual outfits
• he is the outcast of high school
• stereotypical pretty girl
• slow mo on the girl to present her as the prize
• shoving against the crowd on the stair-outcast
• the loser 
• the jock of the school in costume- positioned int he middle of the group, football jacket
• establishing shot reinforcing his loneness and isolation
• editing of the transitions from him to the band to reinforce his isolation
• tight dress on the girl makes it clear she is the prize for the boy- dressed her very feminine 
• linear narrative telling the audience the story
• warm lighting

Question 2

explain one advantage for audiences of each of the following

listening to live radio- being able to enter competitions, giving relevant news and weather 

accessing radio content online- younger people are more likely to listen to, picking a wider range of radio platforms

Explain one way music videos create representation which are different from one another 

Gender is different

Mise-en-scene

Live Lounge

Who is it- Dua Lipa tend to be british artist to promote BBC british artists 

What does the artist sing- new song 

What does the artist say- saying how much she loves being there, personal relationship with the presenter 'roll with the punches'

How is the artist presented to the audience- open and chatty, happy to be there

What are the presenters shown to be like- quite informal and nice doesn't seem like an interview just seems like a nice friendly chat with a friend

What other songs are played durning the live lounge- 

Question 3 

How and why people target audience through radio

Attract through:

Music you play- top chart music 

Presenters, and what they speak about

Radio 1 is designed to benefit public so it needs to target audience (15-29)

How have they created music videos that create different representations

Question 4

Hes represented as exciting and fun, adventurous, alternative then move on to the colour palette or mise-en-scene

Analyse the musicians in the music video- Wheatus (fun) and Avril (rebellious)

Question 5

On magazines, one will be MOJO and one will not be on MOJO

Genre=Type

Genre conventions- colour palette, mise-en-scene, typography, main image, lexis, layout

NEED AN INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSION- have to make the judgement

In colclusion.... the media language is....